What Does Nursing Mean To Me Free Essays

Thoreau Essay Research Paper Born in 1817 free essay sample

Thoreau Essay, Research Paper Conceived in 1817, in Concord, Henry David Thoreau got one of the best creators among the American Renaissance. Thoreau based his entire convention on the way that grown-up male expected to procure free of material things so as to be an single. A finely instructed grown-up male, Thoreau went to Harvard, which set overwhelming accent on the works of art. Thoreau examined a course of study that included language structure and creating, science, English, history, and grouped conventions. He other than talked easily in Italian, Gallic, German, and Spanish. After his graduation in 1837, Thoreau turned into an educator. He and his sibling John, by and by, shut the school in 1841, for Thoreau knew making was his obsession. He kept a journal starting in 1837, and most think he composed way before that cut. Thoreau s love for forming pushed him to do it a main impetus in his life. Thoreau was other than an enormous bit of the Transcendentalist s Movement. We will compose a custom paper test on Thoreau Essay Research Paper Born in 1817 or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The Visionaries accepted that the mind and nature were the two vital portions of the presence. # 8220 ; Transcendentalism began as a fanatic profound movement, restricted to the positivist, preservationist foundation that Unitarianism had become. # 8221 ; Unitarians had communicated the interest for and solid conviction of an increasingly close to home and instinctive experience of the Godhead. # 8220 ; If a grown-up male does non keep up walk with his friend, conceivably it is on the grounds that he hears an alternate drummer. # 8221 ; Individuality was a huge part of Thoreau s life ; he accepted that autonomous, all around thought activity emerged obviously from a clever head. Albeit numerous individuals visited him at Walden Pond, Thoreau liked to be totally. # 8220 ; I neer found the confidant that was so accommodating as solitude.† Thoreau enjoyed purdah, a clasp when he composed from his mind and was truly totally. Thoreau s love for nature was one of the most remarkable features obvious in Walden. Considered by some to be the male parent of the ecological movement, Thoreau alluded back to nature in all things he composed from papers to political addresss. As a straightforward grown-up male, Thoreau did non have numerous material things. For he accepted that to have material articles were an obstacle, rather than a bit of leeway. He precept that a great many people estimated self-esteem in footings of what they claimed, than their strict and levelheaded endowments. Thoreau proposed to populate as just as could reasonably be expected and find what he required for essential human perseverance. # 8220 ; My most noteworthy achievement is to want close to nothing. # 8221 ; He developed his ain supplement, cleaned his ain lodge, and much of the time orchestrated his own businesss so he needed to work each piece little as conceivable. Distributed on August 9, 1854, Walden sold two 1000 transcripts. For one dollar, individuals read into the deepnesss of Thoreau s life at Walden Pond what not his situations on everything from the abolitionist servitude movement to his natural considerations. Walden sold sensibly great during Thoreau s life-time, yet his most prominent regards came after death. Through the perusing of Walden, numerous individuals have found the magic of Henry David Thoreau s pen. Only a grown-up male from Concord, Massachusetts, he lived an unprecedented life as a straightforward grown-up male. That, by the by, was all Thoreau ever needed to bring through, to demo individuals that an individual could be a man, unrecorded basic, and manage without stuff things. With the distribution of Walden, Thoreau demonstrated the universe that it was so conceivable ; he had lived # 8220 ; to the round of his ain drummer. # 8221 ;

How Albert Banduras Social Learning Theory Works

How Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory Works Theories Developmental Psychology Print How Social Learning Theory Works By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on December 01, 2019 More in Theories Developmental Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Social Learning Theory Observational Learning Applications View All Back To Top Learning is a remarkably complex process that is influenced by a wide variety of factors. As most parents are probably very much aware, observation can play a critical role in determining how and what children learn.?? As the saying goes, kids are very much like sponges, soaking up the experiences they have each and every day. Because learning is so complex, there are many different psychological theories to explain how and why people learn. A psychologist named Albert  Bandura proposed a social learning theory which suggests that observation and modeling play a primary role in this process.?? Banduras theory moves beyond behavioral theories, which suggest that all behaviors are learned through conditioning, and cognitive theories, which take into account psychological influences such as attention and memory. 1:42 Basic Principles of Social Learning Theory How Does Social Learning Theory Work? During the first half of the 20th-century, the behavioral school of psychology became a dominant force. The behaviorists proposed that all learning was a result of direct experience with the environment through the processes of association and reinforcement.?? While Banduras theory is also rooted in many of the basic concepts of traditional learning theory, he believed that direct reinforcement could not account for all types of learning. For example, children and adults often exhibit learning for things with which they have no direct experience. Even if you have never swung a baseball bat in your life, you would probably know what to do if someone handed you a bat and told you to try to hit a baseball. This is because you have seen others perform this action either in person or on television.   While the behavioral theories of learning suggested that all learning was the result of associations formed by conditioning, reinforcement, and punishment, Banduras social learning theory proposed that learning can also occur simply by observing the actions of others.?? His theory added a social element, arguing that people can learn new information and behaviors by watching other people. Known as  observational learning, this type of learning can be used to explain a wide variety of behaviors, including those that often cannot be accounted for by other learning theories. Observational Learning Is Used by Copying Behavior of Others Things You Should Know About Social Learning Theory There are three core concepts at the heart of social learning theory.  First is the idea that people can learn through observation.  Next is the notion that internal mental states are an essential part of this process.  Finally, this theory recognizes that just because something has been learned, it does not mean that it will result in a change in behavior. Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do, Bandura explained in his 1977 book Social Learning Theory.?? Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions, this coded information serves as a guide for action. Lets explore each of these concepts in greater depth. Verywell / JR Bee 1. People  Can Learn Through Observation In one of the best-known experiments in the history of psychology, Bandura demonstrated that children learn and imitate behaviors they have observed in other people. The children in Bandura’s studies observed an adult acting violently toward a Bobo doll. When the children were later allowed to play in a room with the Bobo doll, they began to imitate the aggressive actions they had previously observed.?? Bandura identified three basic models of observational learning:A live model, which involves an actual individual demonstrating or acting out a behavior.A verbal instructional model, which involves descriptions and explanations of a behavior.A symbolic model, which involves real or fictional characters displaying behaviors in books, films, television programs, or online media. As you can see, observational learning does not even necessarily require watching another person to engage in an activity. Hearing verbal instructions, such as listening to a podcast, can lead to learning. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films.?? As you can imagine, it is this type of observational learning that has become a lightning rod for controversy as parents and psychologists debate the impact that pop culture media has on kids. Many worry that kids can learn bad behaviors such as aggression from violent video games, movies, television programs, and online videos. 2. Mental States Are Important to Learning Just observing someone elses actions is not always enough to lead to learning. Your own mental state and motivation play an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. While the behavioral theories of learning suggested that it was external reinforcement that created learning, Bandura realized that reinforcement does not always come from outside sources.?? Bandura noted that external, environmental  reinforcement  was not the only factor to influence learning and behavior. He described  intrinsic reinforcement  as a form of internal rewards, such as pride, satisfaction, and a sense of accomplishment.?? This emphasis on internal thoughts and cognitions helps connect learning theories to cognitive developmental theories. While many textbooks place social learning theory with behavioral theories, Bandura himself describes his approach as a social cognitive theory. 3. Learning Does Not Necessarily Lead to a Change in Behavior So how do we determine when something has been learned? In many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed. When you teach a child to ride a bicycle, you can quickly determine if learning has occurred by having the child ride his or her bike unassisted. But sometimes we are able to learn things even though that learning might not be immediately obvious. While behaviorists believed that learning led to a permanent change in behavior, observational learning demonstrates that people can learn new information without demonstrating new behaviors.?? How Does Observational Learning Happen? It is also important to note that not all observed behaviors are effectively learned. Why not? Factors involving both the model and the learner can play a role in whether social learning is successful. Certain requirements and steps must also be followed. The following steps are involved in the observational learning and modeling process:?? Attention: In order to learn, you need to be paying  attention. Anything that distracts your attention is going to have a negative effect on observational learning. If the model is interesting or there is a novel aspect of the situation, you are far more likely to dedicate your full attention to learning.Retention: The ability to store information is also an important part of the learning process. Retention can be affected by a number of factors, but the ability to pull up information later and act on it is vital to observational learning.Reproduction: Once you have paid attention to the model and retained the information, it is time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement and skill advancement.Motivation: Finally, in order for observational learning to be successful, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.  Reinforcement  and  punishment  play an important role in motivation. While e xperiencing these motivators can be highly effective, so can observing others experiencing some type of reinforcement or punishment. For example, if you see another student rewarded with extra credit for being to class on time, you might start to show up a few minutes early each day. A Few Applications for Social Learning Theory Social learning theory can have a number of real-world applications. For example, it can be used to help researchers understand how aggression and violence might be transmitted through observational learning. By studying media violence, researchers can gain a better understanding of the factors that might lead children to act out the aggressive actions they see portrayed on television and in the movies. But social learning can also be utilized to teach people positive behaviors. Researchers can use social learning theory to investigate and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors and to facilitate social change. A Word From Verywell In addition to influencing other psychologists, Banduras social learning theory has had important implications in the field of education. Today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors. Other classroom strategies such as encouraging children and building  self-efficacy  are also rooted in social learning theory. As Bandura observed, life would be incredibly difficult and even dangerous if you had to learn everything you  know from personal experience. So much of your life is rooted in your social experiences, so it is no surprise that observing others plays such a vital role in how you acquire new knowledge and skills. By better understanding how social learning theory works, you can gain a greater appreciation for the powerful role that observation can play in shaping the things we know and the things we do.

Blindness, Sight and Eyes in Sophocles Oedipus The King...

The Deeper Meaning of Sight and Eyes in Sophocles Oedipus The King In Sophocles play, Oedipus The King, the continuous references to eyes and sight possess a much deeper meaning than the literal message. These allusions are united with several basic underlying themes. The story contains common Ancient Greek philosophies, including those of Plato and Parmenides, which are often discussed and explained during such references. A third notion is the punishment of those who violate the law of the Gods. The repeated mentioning of sight and eyes signify the numerous ancient Greek beliefs present in the story. During the Theban Trilogy, there are two major philosophical ideals present. The first, and most significant is the ever†¦show more content†¦The other philosophies present come from two people, Parmenides and Plato. Parmenides theorized that things do not change, and therefore that mans senses were inaccurate and unreliable. A blind prophet Tiresius informs Oedipus of what has happened. Abhorred, Oedipus did not even consider that Tiresias was telling the truth. Instead, he accused the soothsayer of lying and insulting him by stating that your riddance is a blessing. (41) Oedipus is truly the blind one, as he restricts himself to the literal meaning of the tale of the oracle. Unwilling to see what was before him, the overwhelming evidence of his crimes, Oedipus looked for others to blame. Another parallel to being sighted, but blind, is present in Platos Myth of The Cave. Just as the cave dwellers did not want to explore the world outside, Oedipus did not want his fate. Oed ipus is the cave dweller and Tiresius is the enlightened one who cast off his fetters and sees the true world, the world of ideas. Punishment is another element in Hellenistic life. For attempting to escape his destiny, Oedipus is punished by Apollo. However, Oedipus goes beyond what the Gods decreed by blinding himself and then leaving Thebes in exile. The city and even more, his children, are only reminders of his malfeasance. Leaving Thebes is also an attempt to distance himselfShow MoreRelatedSight And Blindness In Oedipus The King789 Words   |  4 PagesCaleb Cho Ms. Kim English 373H 5-October- 2017 Tension Between â€Å"Sight† and â€Å"Blindness† Essay - Rough Draft Deep in the forest lived a blind man named Carl. Once a week Carl would travel to the nearest city to buy supplies and food. One day, a young boy decided to play a trick on Carl, the boy would catch a bug, and then ask if the bug was alive or dead. If Carl said â€Å"alive† the boy would crush the bug and show Carl the bug was dead. If Carl answered â€Å"dead† the boy would let the bug fly away, aliveRead MoreSight in Oedipus the King834 Words   |  4 PagesOnce blind, but Now he Sees: Sight in Oedipus the King Sophocles was a phenomenal writer that captivated his audience with a distinct charm still not yet duplicated by even the best of play-writers today. In Oedipus the King, a tale of dynamic proportions regarding a leader who falls from the throne of a city to the dark depths of is fate, Sophocles demonstrates great genius in that his writings require a substantial amount of intellectual involvement from his audience. (Helmbold) One of theRead MoreOedipus Rex Is A Greek Tragedy Written By Sophocles1177 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus Rex is a Greek tragedy written by Sophocles. Sophocles, through writing this work along with Antigone and Oedipus at Colonus, became a legendary tragedian, and went off to produce several other works. This classic tragedy held great influence over Aristotle’s six components in his work, the Poetics, more specifically, over the component of plot and character. The birth of Oedipus Rex since spurred countless famous interpretations, including ones by th e father of psychoanalysis himself, SigmundRead MoreReview Of Oedipus The King 1394 Words   |  6 PagesMotif in Oedipus the King Sophocles’ writing style in the play, Oedipus the King, offers incredible insight into the ways that authors utilize recurring symbols to create motif in their plays and writings. This particular play uses a blend of irony, wit, and metaphor to create a literary motif. Sophocles explores the literal aspects of sight and blindness, in the form of knowledge and oblivion. Through recurring symbols of sight and blindness, both literal and metaphorical, Sophocles creates a motifRead MoreThroughout most famous Greek literature, a great hero usually saves the day. In the story of900 Words   |  4 PagesIn the story of Oedipus though, the good man with one minor flaw goes through great pain. This pain in the play Oedipus Rex is the focal point for the whole play. Almost every aspect of the play builds up and foreshadows Oedipus’ fall from power, and entry into pain. Sophocles in his tragedy Oedipus Rex creates a mood of dramatic irony using the dualities of sight and blind ness, and light and darkness. This dramatic irony highlights Oedipus’ hamartia and in doing so Sophocles enhances his messageRead More Blindness In Oedipus The King Essay725 Words   |  3 Pages Blindness plays a two-fold part in Sophoclesamp;#8217; tragedy amp;#8220;Oedipus the King.; First, Sophocles presents blindness as a physical disability affecting the auger Teiresias, and later Oedipus; but later, blindness comes to mean an inability to see the evil in oneamp;#8217;s actions and the consequences that ensue. The irony in this lies in the fact that Oedipus, while gifted with sight, is blind to himself, in contrast to Teiresias, blind physically, but able to see the evil to whichRead MoreOedipus Rex: Imagery of Blindness and Sight as a Medium to the Themes1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play, Oedipus Rex, written by Sophocles, an honourable and admirable Greek king named Oedipus rules the town of Thebes. He is left in mental turmoil and decay as his unknown, corrupt and immoral past is slowly revealed during his quest to find the culprit who murdered King Laius. The newly exposed past suddenly transforms his glory and respect into shame and humiliation. After he learn s about his wicked past he stabs his eyes, which lead to his blindness. During the course of the play, referencesRead MoreWho s Really Blind?868 Words   |  4 Pages Who’s Really Blind? In the tragic story â€Å"Oedipus the King†, Sophocles emphasizes on the idea of sight and blindness. Sight or blindness can have more than just physical characteristics; a person can have mental insight or can ensue blindness in a situation. The blindness issue remains an effective contrasting method for Oedipus at many points in the drama. It breaks down into two components: Oedipus s ability to physically see and his willingness to see the truth in what has transpired. EvenRead MoreTheme Of Sight In Oedipus1207 Words   |  5 Pages In the story of Oedipus, there is a terrible curse that has fallen upon the city of Thebes, and the only way to expell it is to find out who killed their former ruler, King Laius. Now that Oedipus is in charge, he makes it his one and only goal to find out who killed Laius in order to save the city and his people. He brings forward innocent people, threatens them, and puts himself before everyone else to find out who holds the blame. However, Oedipus is oblivious to the fact that he is the manRead MoreEssay on Sight and Blindness in Oedipus Rex1311 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play Oedipus Rex by Sophocles, the themes of sight and blindness are developed in a way to communicate to the reader that it is not eyesight itself, but insight that holds the key to truth and, without it, no amount of knowledge can help uncover that truth. Some may define insight as the ability to intuitively know what is going to happen, or simply as the capacity to understand the true nature of a situation. Both definitions hold a significant role in the play, not only for more obvious

My View Of Gender Inequality - 1677 Words

My expectations going into this class were that my worldview was going to be expanded. I knew that gender inequality was a complex topic and the ways in which it is unequally is not always apparent or obvious. I expected this class to point out things in which I had been previously blind to or things I have noticed before but hadn’t really thought about the negative impact it could have on people of a certain gender. I would like to think that before this class I was decently aware of gender issues and before the class even considered myself a feminist. This was one of the main reasons I choose to take this class. I wanted more information on the issues that I cared so much about and want to see improvement in. In Dr. Goodfriend’s section the thing that I found the most provocative was when we talked about famous feminist. The section started out by explaining the different waves of feminism and the goals these waves have. 1st wave feminist where fighting mainly for the right to votes. 2nd wave feminist where looking for equality in the work place and in the court system. 3rd wave feminist, which is what is currently happening now, have many of the same goals that 2nd wave feminist failed to succeed in finishing. Some of the famous and influential feminist that we were introduced to included Sojourner Truth, Susan B. Anthony, and Betty Friedan. All of the women we talked about it class are great role models for what a Liberal feminist, someone who believes everyone shouldShow MoreRelatedThe s Theory Of Moral Development897 Words   |  4 Pagesobjective facts with one’s subjective reality. 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There are four major categories of feminist theories- Gender Differences, Gender Inequality, Gender Oppression and Structural Oppression. These theories analyze both women and men’s roles in society, they also question the roles of gender between men and women. This includes how class, race, ethnicity and age are viewed from a feminist perspective. The main reason that feminist theories are usedRead MoreEducation Is Not An Equal Opportunity For Everyone1473 Words   |  6 PagesAdrienne Rich’s essay, â€Å"Taking Women Students Seriously†, she speaks of the inequality mainly affecting women while subtly hinting at the inequality present in education in regards to race and class. Gender, race and class are three characteristics that work toge ther to create either a positive or negative profile for one’s education. When delving into the content of Rich’s essay, the author clearly indicates her focus on the gender imbalance in education and how that impacts the lives of women. Women’sRead MoreIdentity in the Workplace Creates Gender Inequality801 Words   |  3 PagesAs the nation’s gender inequality continues to diminish, things like sports stereotypes, and labour force conflict cannot be understood without understanding the term of identity. Identity work is explained by Schwalbe and Mason-Schrock in 1996 as â€Å"anything people do, individually or collectively, to give meaning to themselves or others† (as cited in Ezzell, 2009, p. 1). I propose to examine inequality based on gender identity and in depth the process of stereotype issues, - how people constructRead MoreThe Burden Of Benevolent Sexism Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagesto conduct my research on is titled The Burden of Benevolent Sexism: How it contributes to the maintenance of gender inequalities. T he article is written and researched by Manuela Barreto and Naomi Ellemers from Leiden University in the Netherlands. The article examines benevolent sexism and how it contributes to the continuation of gender inequalities. It discusses the idea how we are less likely to challenge benevolent sexism due to the fact that we do not see it as a prejudice view or as a characteristicRead MoreGender Inequality, Functionalism and Symbolic Interactionism868 Words   |  4 PagesGender inequality refers to the inequality between men and women, or the unequal treatment or perception of a person based on his or her gender. Gender inequality is almost always prominent towards a female rather than towards a male. Women are seen as inferior to men in every country in the world. This form of society is called patriarchal and is one of this biggest issues in American society today. Patriarchy means that the country has a primarily male dominated society. Does anyone realizeRead MoreGender In equality in Womens Rugby1181 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction As the nation’s gender inequality continues to diminish, things like sports stereotypes, and labour force conflict cannot be understood without understanding the term of identity. Identity work is explained by Schwalbe and Mason-Schrock in 1996 as â€Å"anything people do, individually or collectively, to give meaning to themselves or others† (as cited in Ezzell, 2009, p. 1). I propose to examine inequality based on gender identity and in depth the process of stereotype issues, - how peopleRead MoreSocial Issues, Gender, Interpersonal Power, And Social Influence, By Linda L. Carli888 Words   |  4 PagesJournal of social issues The social issue relates to inequalities in men and women. To be specific, Men and women are not equal when it comes to many things, such as gender roles in households, gender bias in the workplace, and gender inequality in politics. The main article I will be addressing is Gender, Interpersonal Power, and Social Influence, By Linda L. Carli (Vol. 55, No. 1, 1999, pp. 81–99, 2001). The sociological question in this article is whether men possess higher level of power than

Learning Expirience Free Essays

Learning Experience PSY/103 Learning Experience Experience can shape our behavior and personality. More over our experiences contribute to our development over time. Learning process occurs when we experience situation that have negative or positive effect on us. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning Expirience or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay I will briefly describe my personal learning experience; I will also define the concept of learning, and will provide analysis of what I have learned from this experience. In addition my essay will include the analysis and application of classical and operant conditioning as well as cognitive- social learning. My Experience Every person’s identity is formed by the various roles that they perform in the world. In fact becoming a mother is one more such role and it has psychological implications. Four month ago I became a mother to a wonderful, my first baby boy. The experience of giving birth, as well as being home with a newborn for the first few weeks was overwhelming, painful, and emotionally tiring. I am 25 years old and was so exciting to becoming a mother, however when my son was born for the first few weeks I have experienced anxiety, stress, depression, fear and even anger. It has been almost 4 month and my baby is my life, I cannot imagine how I was getting frustrated and feeling all those things when my baby is my joy. Today I am still tired, and stressed, however anger and depression is gone. I have learned from this experience that I need to accept the change in my life, and avoid becoming frustrated. Being prepared for things to be different could have prepared me to deal with situation differently. Also positive attitude should have been my best ally instead of being afraid and having negative thoughts. At last I have learned from this experience that I need to try to develop a new and balanced lifestyle that takes into consideration all areas of my new life. Learning Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience (David A. Kolb, 1984). As we learn, we alter the way we perceive our environment, the way we interpret the incoming stimuli, and therefore the way we interact, or behave (Carpenter Huffman, 2012). Learning through Classical Conditioning One of the best-known characteristics of behavioral learning theory is classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus (Carpenter Huffman, 2012). There are basic principles of classical conditioning process. Such as the unconditioned stimulus (UC) and unconditioned response (UR), as well as conditioned stimulus (CS) and conditioned response (CR) (Carpenter Huffman, 2012). The unconditioned stimulus is one that unconditionally, naturally, and automatically triggers a response (â€Å"The propositional nature of human associative learning,† 2009). For example, baby crying made me feel sad and frustrated, and baby smiling made me feel loved, happy and positive. For instance, when I saw my bay for the first time the feeling of pain was simply gone. As I spend those first weeks with my baby although I have had mood swings and feeling of anger sometimes, however every time I looked at my baby I naturally felt better and calmer. The unconditioned response is the unlearned response that occurs naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus. For example, feel of love in response to my baby smile is unconditioned stimulus. The conditioned stimulus is previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response (â€Å"The propositional nature of human associative learning,† 2009). For example, when my baby cried I felt frustration and in the same time my husband was trying to explain me something thus my husband voice would be conditioned stimulus. Although the sound of my husband voice is unrelated to my baby’s cry and feeling of frustration, if the sound of his voice was paired multiple times with the baby’s cry, the sound would eventually trigger the conditioned response. The conditioned response is the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus. For instance, feeling frustrated when I heard my husband talking to me. In my view classical conditioning is a useful technique that can be applied by creating a positive environment to help people to overcome anxiety, fear and frustration. For example, a situation like my baby’s crying with pleasant surroundings would have helped me to learn new associations. Instead of feeling anxious, frustrated and angry in that situation, I learn to stay relax and calm (Carpenter Huffman, 2012). Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning is a technique of learning that happens through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior (â€Å"The propositional nature of human associative learning,† 2009). The elimination of an undesirable outcome can be used to decrease or prevent undesirable behavior. Feeling frustrated, being angry with situation simply led to more stress and created more problems for myself emotionally and physically. Positive reinforcement: Getting to know my baby, his first smile and lough created a positive and happy environment thus increasing my positive behavior. To conclude learning process revolves around human life. People learn something new every single day, thus creating new experiences and knowledge. Self-development and growth naturally occurs through learning. References WILEY PLUS: Carpenter, S. and Huffman, K. (2010). Visualizing Psychology (2nd ed. ). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley The Propositional Nature of Human Associative Learning (2009, fall). BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES, (32), 183-246. doi:10. 1017/S0140525X09000855 How to cite Learning Expirience, Essay examples

Stages of Change Inventory

The stages of change are psychological stages that psychotherapists use to assess and evaluate psychological progress of patients under psychotherapy.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Stages of Change Inventory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Assessing the patients’ psychological stages and customizing psychotherapy to be in line with their psychological progress, significantly enhances the outcomes of any psychotherapy. According to varied psychotherapy models, change in behavior undergoes six consecutive stages, namely â€Å"pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination† (Prochaska Norcross 443). For effective psychotherapy, psychological stages of patients must match with the respective psychotherapy. Therefore, it is imperative for a psychotherapist to assess and evaluate different stages of psychological process in order to administer a customiz ed psychotherapy to the patients. The six stages are consecutive and cumulative in terms of achievements necessary to make meaningful psychological changes, even though they take varied periods to accomplish. The first stage is pre-contemplation and it occurs when an individual is unable to solve a given psychological problem within six months. At this stage, individuals are unaware of the psychological problem they have as they live in denial, but great pressure from concerned family members and friends makes them seek assistance psychotherapists. Contemplation is the second stage and it occurs if an individual is able to solve a certain psychological problem within six months. According to Prochaska and Norcross, contemplators â€Å"are aware that a problem exists and are seriously thinking about overcoming it, but have not yet made a commitment to take action† (443). The acknowledgement of the existence of the problem and intensive contemplation of ways on how to overcome the problem characterize this stage. The third stage is preparation and it entails intentional and behavioral aspects of psychotherapy. Patients who are at this stage have struggled unsuccessfully to solve a given psychological problem in the past year, but are now very determined to take action in a month’s time.Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"While they have made some reductions in their problem, individuals in the preparation stage have not yet reached a criterion for effective action, such as abstinence from smoking or absence of clinical depression† (Prochaska Norcross 444). These individuals are ready to take appropriate action in order to solve their psychological problems as soon as possible. At the fourth stage, individuals adjust their behavior in relation to their experiences and environment to surmount their psychological problems. Behavio ral changes that occur at this stage demand a lot of energy and more time thus calling for patience. Individuals at this stage have realized their psychological problems and are really working hard to solve them within six months of their resolution. After the individuals have attained behavioral change through action stage, they enter maintenance stage, the fifth stage. At this stage, individuals are working tirelessly to consolidate and maintain marked behavioral changes attained in the previous stages. Prochaska and Norcross argue that â€Å"being able to remain free of the problem behavior and to consistently engage in a new incompatible behavior for more than six months are the criteria for considering someone to be in the maintenance stage† (444). The objective of this stage is to prevent an individual from relapsing into the same problem. The last and the sixth stage is the termination stage where an individual has completed stages of changes and no longer worries abou t relapsing and recurrence of the problem again. At this stage, an individual attains total confidence in the achievements made, for the behavioral change has become real and permanent. Work Cited Prochaska, James, and John Norcross. â€Å"Stages of Change.† Psychology 38.4. (2001): 443-448. Print. This critical writing on Stages of Change Inventory was written and submitted by user Lillianna L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.